Racial integration is crucial to promoting cross-racial understanding, reducing prejudice, and improving academic performance for students of all races. The United States’ failure to racially integrate its public schools is destructive to the fabric of an equitable American society and undermines the American belief that all children deserve an equal educational opportunity. The increasing segregation of schooling institutions in 21st century America calls for placing public school districts under strict scrutiny and pursuing litigation against districts which contribute to such perpetuation.
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The State of New York’s Minority and Women-Owned Business Enterprise (MWBE) Certification Program was established in 1988 under Article 15 of the New York State Executive Law. The program was designed with the intent of “ensur[ing] and promot[ing] fair and equal employment and participation”.[1] Since its institution, the program has provided resources and established goals for businesses that are owned by minorities and women around the state of New York. But despite New York’s establishment of guidelines and quotas for minority and women participation, the reality of the program’s effects are far from its original intentions.
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Over the past decade, companies such as Uber, Grubhub, and TaskRabbit have disrupted pre-existing markets and transformed the dynamics of the U.S. economy. By developing Internet-based platforms, they have matched the skills of workers with the customers in demand for certain services, enabled workers to partake in short-term engagements, and established hands-off relationships between employers and workers. Changing the structure of the economy as we know it, these companies have given rise to the emerging “gig” economy, a labor market with over 600,000 U.S. workers that has flourished and only shows promising future growth.[1]
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