On June 16, 2019, the National Assembly of Quebec passed Bill 21, The Act Respecting the Laicity of the State, as a declaration of Quebec’s “particular attachment to State laicity” and an affirmation that “the state is a lay state”. The passing of Bill 21 and the proceedings of Hak v. Procureure générale du Québec (2019) urge Canadians to consider the consequences of Quebec’s provincial autonomy and, ultimately, demonstrate the need for constitutional amendments to protect vulnerable minority groups against provincial legislature.

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